Ferroalloys are metallic compounds composed of iron and other elements. They are essential additives in steel production, enhancing its properties like strength, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance. These alloys, such as ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, and ferrochrome, play a crucial role in tailoring steel’s characteristics for various industrial applications.

Coke is a solid carbonaceous material derived from coal through a process called carbonization. It is a vital fuel and reducing agent in industries like iron and steel production. Its high carbon content and low impurities make it an efficient heat source for smelting and other high-temperature processes, aiding in the extraction of metals from ores.

Sponge iron, also known as direct-reduced iron (DRI), is a porous and metallic product obtained from iron ore through a reduction process that removes oxygen. It’s used as a raw material in electric arc furnaces and induction furnaces for steelmaking. Its high purity and consistent composition contribute to efficient and controlled steel production.

Scrap steel refers to discarded or recycled steel materials from various sources, such as old vehicles, appliances, and industrial structures. It’s collected, processed, and melted in steel mills to produce new steel products. Recycling scrap steel conserves resources, reduces energy consumption, and minimizes environmental impact, making it a sustainable raw material for steel production.